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Bike Security12 min read • January 30, 2025

How to lock bike properly prevent theft

Your $50 lock meets a $20 angle grinder—lock loses every time. But master these proven techniques, and your bike becomes the one thieves skip. Learn the two-lock method that security experts use and why the famous Sheldon Brown technique needs an update.

James Wilson

James Wilson

Bike Security Expert

The fundamental truth

There's no lock that can't be defeated. Your goal isn't to make your bike unstealable—it's to make it the least attractive target. When a thief sees your properly locked bike next to a poorly secured one, they'll choose the easy target every time.

  • Time is everything: Make theft take longer than 2 minutes
  • Tools matter: Force thieves to need multiple tools
  • Location counts: 50% of bikes stolen from homes
  • Two locks win: Different types defeat specialization

Picture this: A thief approaches two bikes. One has a single cable lock, the other sports two different high-security locks. Which gets stolen? The answer shapes everything about proper locking technique.

The two-lock method: Gold standard security

Security experts agree: Using two different types of locks is the most effective deterrent. Here's why it works:

Optimal two-lock combinations

Best: U-lock + Chain lock

  • • U-lock: Frame + rear wheel to rack
  • • Chain: Front wheel + frame to rack
  • • Different defeat methods required
  • • Sold Secure Gold rated both

Good: U-lock + Cable lock

  • • U-lock: Frame + rear wheel (primary)
  • • Cable: Front wheel (secondary)
  • • More affordable option
  • • Cable deters wheel theft

High-risk areas: Double Gold

  • • Two Sold Secure Gold locks
  • • Different brands/mechanisms
  • • For bikes over $2,000
  • • London/NYC standard

Step-by-step: Perfect locking technique

Professional locking sequence

1.

Choose your anchor point

  • • Metal structure cemented in ground
  • • Official bike rack (preferred)
  • • Cannot be cut or unbolted
  • • Avoid wooden posts, chain fences
2.

Position your bike

  • • Close to rack (minimal gap)
  • • Derailleur side away from rack
  • • Wheels aligned with frame
  • • Room for locks to fit
3.

Apply primary lock (U-lock)

  • • Through rear wheel rim (not just tire)
  • • Inside rear triangle of frame
  • • Around secure anchor point
  • • Keyhole facing down
  • • Minimal empty space in U
4.

Apply secondary lock

  • • Through front wheel + frame
  • • To same or different anchor
  • • Different lock type than primary
  • • Tight as possible
5.

Final security check

  • • Test both locks are engaged
  • • Remove all accessories
  • • Take quick-release items
  • • Photo for location reference

The Sheldon Brown method: Updated for 2025

The famous Sheldon Brown technique—locking only the rear wheel through the frame—revolutionized bike security in its time. But modern tools have exposed its vulnerabilities:

Original vs. Modified Sheldon Brown

Original (Outdated)

  • • Lock only rear wheel
  • • Through rear triangle
  • • No frame contact
  • Vulnerable: 10-second wheel cut

Modified (Secure)

  • • Lock wheel AND frame
  • • Through chainstay or seat tube
  • • Cable for front wheel
  • Effective: Protects all components

Reality check: Thieves can cut through any wheel in seconds with a hacksaw or reciprocating saw. Always lock the frame!

Lock ratings: What actually matters

Not all locks are created equal. Understanding security ratings helps you invest wisely:

Security rating systems

Sold Secure (UK)

  • Bronze: Basic security (avoid for valuable bikes)
  • Silver: Good for medium-risk areas
  • Gold: Maximum security, required for high-risk
  • Diamond: Motorcycle-grade (overkill for bikes)

ART (Netherlands)

  • 1-2 stars: Light security
  • 3 stars: Urban commuting
  • 4 stars: High-value bikes
  • 5 stars: Extreme security

Pro tip: Insurance often requires specific ratings. Check your policy before buying locks.

Common locking mistakes that invite theft

Fatal locking errors

  • Cable lock only: Cut in 5 seconds with hand tools
  • Locking just the wheel: Thief takes rest of bike
  • Top tube only: Allows leverage attacks
  • Quick-release wheels unsecured: Gone in seconds
  • Too much space in lock: Room for jack attacks
  • Locking to weak objects: Wooden posts, thin signs
  • Same spot daily: Patterns help thieves plan

Location strategy: Where thieves hunt

Where you lock matters as much as how you lock:

Risk levels by location

Train stations

Extreme Risk

Large lots with periodic traffic. Professional thieves target commuter bikes.

University campuses

High Risk

Unmonitored racks, predictable schedules, many poorly locked bikes.

Home property

High Risk

50% of thefts! Garages, sheds, yards are prime targets.

Busy shopping areas

Medium Risk

Good foot traffic but opportunistic thieves work quickly.

Monitored parking

Lower Risk

Security cameras and attendants deter most thieves.

Advanced techniques for high-value bikes

Professional-level security

Security bolts

Replace quick-releases with hex or security bolts on wheels, seat

Component marking

UV pen or engraving makes parts traceable and less sellable

GPS tracker hidden

Inside frame or components for recovery if locks fail

Frame lock addition

Permanent wheel immobilizer popular in Europe

Ugly bike strategy

Tape, stickers, fake rust make bike less appealing

Lock maintenance: Keep security strong

Your locks need care to remain effective:

  • Monthly cleaning: Remove dirt from mechanism
  • Graphite lubricant: Never use WD-40 (attracts dirt)
  • Check for damage: Replace if bent or difficult to lock
  • Winter care: De-icer for frozen locks
  • Spare keys: Make copies before they wear

The psychology of theft prevention

Understanding thief behavior improves your security:

What thieves look for

Attractive targets

  • • Single cable lock
  • • Quick-release everything
  • • Expensive bike, cheap lock
  • • Predictable parking pattern
  • • Isolated location

Deterrent factors

  • • Two different locks visible
  • • Sold Secure Gold stickers
  • • Minimal lock space
  • • Busy, visible location
  • • Obviously marked/ugly bike

Real-world time trials: Lock vs. thief

Security tests reveal sobering realities about defeat times:

  • Cable lock: 5-10 seconds (hand cutters)
  • Basic U-lock: 30-60 seconds (portable angle grinder)
  • Gold-rated U-lock: 2-5 minutes (angle grinder)
  • Hardened chain: 5-10 minutes (multiple discs)
  • Two quality locks: Most thieves move on

The bottom line: Make your bike a hard target

Perfect security doesn't exist, but you can make your bike so inconvenient to steal that thieves choose easier prey. The two-lock method, proper technique, and smart location choices transform your bike from an easy score to a waste of a thief's time.

Remember: The opportunistic thief with bolt cutters won't bother with your properly locked bike when there's a cable-locked bike right next to it. Make smart locking second nature, and join the 95% of cyclists who never experience theft.

Upgrade your security today

Don't wait until after theft to get serious about security. Invest in proper locks and learn advanced techniques.